Strep throat, or streptococcal tonsillitis, is a bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Strep throat is an infection in your throat and tonsils (the lymph nodes in the back of your mouth). With strep throat, your tonsils become very inflamed. This inflammation typically affects the surrounding area of your throat as well, which causes a sore throat.
The infection occurs when the bacteria invade the throat lining, often spreading through close contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces. Factors such as age, season, and close living quarters increase the risk of transmission.
Strep throat is one of the most common serious bacterial illnesses among children. Globally, there are an estimated 288.6 million episodes of strep throat in children ages 5 – 14 each year.
Symptoms include a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, red and swollen tonsils (sometimes with white patches or streaks of pus), fever, and swollen lymph nodes. Some individuals may also experience headaches, stomach pain, or a rash.
Treatment involves a course of antibiotics to eliminate the bacteria and reduce complications. Over-the-counter pain relievers and throat lozenges can alleviate symptoms. Preventive measures include good hygiene practices, such as regular handwashing and avoiding close contact with infected individuals.
Strep throat is a treatable condition that requires prompt medical attention. Proper treatment ensures a quick recovery and prevents complications like rheumatic fever.
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