Cardiovascular disease (CVD) encompasses a range of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels. It remains a significant health concern globally and in Singapore, contributing to mortality and morbidity rates.
Types of Cardiovascular Disease
CVD includes:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD): Narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, leading to chest pain (angina) or heart attack.
- Stroke: Blockage or rupture of blood vessels supplying the brain, causing sudden neurological deficits.
- Heart failure: Inability of the heart to pump blood effectively.
- Peripheral artery disease (PAD): Narrowing of arteries outside the heart, often in the legs.
Risk Factors
Several factors increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease:
- High blood pressure: Hypertension strains the heart and blood vessels.
- High cholesterol: Elevated levels of cholesterol contribute to arterial plaque buildup.
- Smoking: Tobacco use damages blood vessels and increases the risk of heart attack and stroke.
- Diabetes: Poorly controlled diabetes accelerates atherosclerosis.
- Obesity: Excess weight strains the heart and worsens other risk factors.
- Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity contributes to cardiovascular health decline.
- Family history: Genetics play a role in predisposition to CVD.
Prevention and Management
Preventing cardiovascular disease involves:
- Healthy lifestyle: Maintain a balanced diet, regular physical activity, avoid smoking, and manage stress.
- Medications: Control blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes with prescribed medications.
- Regular check-ups: Monitor blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and overall heart health.
- Awareness: Educate on early signs and symptoms, promoting timely intervention.
Seeking Medical Advice
If you have risk factors or symptoms of cardiovascular disease, consult with a healthcare provider promptly. Early detection and intervention can prevent complications and improve outcomes.
At IGAKU, we prioritize cardiovascular health through comprehensive care and personalized guidance. Book a consultation with us today to prioritize your heart health and reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease.
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