Cardiovascular Disease: Understanding Risks and Prevention

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) encompasses a range of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels. It remains a significant health concern globally and in Singapore, contributing to mortality and morbidity rates.

Types of Cardiovascular Disease

CVD includes:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD): Narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, leading to chest pain (angina) or heart attack.
  • Stroke: Blockage or rupture of blood vessels supplying the brain, causing sudden neurological deficits.
  • Heart failure: Inability of the heart to pump blood effectively.
  • Peripheral artery disease (PAD): Narrowing of arteries outside the heart, often in the legs.

Risk Factors

Several factors increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease:

  • High blood pressure: Hypertension strains the heart and blood vessels.
  • High cholesterol: Elevated levels of cholesterol contribute to arterial plaque buildup.
  • Smoking: Tobacco use damages blood vessels and increases the risk of heart attack and stroke.
  • Diabetes: Poorly controlled diabetes accelerates atherosclerosis.
  • Obesity: Excess weight strains the heart and worsens other risk factors.
  • Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity contributes to cardiovascular health decline.
  • Family history: Genetics play a role in predisposition to CVD.

Prevention and Management

Preventing cardiovascular disease involves:

  • Healthy lifestyle: Maintain a balanced diet, regular physical activity, avoid smoking, and manage stress.
  • Medications: Control blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes with prescribed medications.
  • Regular check-ups: Monitor blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and overall heart health.
  • Awareness: Educate on early signs and symptoms, promoting timely intervention.

Seeking Medical Advice

If you have risk factors or symptoms of cardiovascular disease, consult with a healthcare provider promptly. Early detection and intervention can prevent complications and improve outcomes.

At IGAKU, we prioritize cardiovascular health through comprehensive care and personalized guidance. Book a consultation with us today to prioritize your heart health and reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease.

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